Since the mid-80’s we have collaborative links with….

The Atomic Energy Clean-up Program (AECP)

This effort is dedicated to the development and deployment of nuclear waste clean-up technology that is efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly. With this strategy, the world’s nuclear wastes would be cleaned up within 20 years. Implementation of this programme is due to start in 2007.

The long-term management of nuclear fuel waste provides a framework for a comprehensive, integrated and economical long-term management of spent nuclear fuel. There are techniques that have the potential of transmuting radioactive atoms into stables ones, or into a combination of stable atoms and radioactive species with shorter half-lives. These techniques have been tested, with the co-operation of several governments (among them: Canada, United States of America, Italy, People’s Republic of China, and Taiwan), usually on small samples, over the last few decades, with formidable apparent success. To date, little attention has been devoted to these techniques, mostly because the current understanding of physics does not seem capable of accounting for the phenomena observed and documented.

We would like to suggest that low-energy transmutation be considered as part of the global resolution of long-term management of nuclear fuel wastes. We think that these techniques should be further tested, under strict standard scientific control that we have developed with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, to explain the hundreds of past observations and thus a significant step towards economical and safe long-term management of spent nuclear fuel would have been achieved. The volume of radioactive substances to be stored after low-energy transmutation could become minimal. With a dramatically reduced level of radioactivity, or a shorter radioactive life, storage requirements may be quite different from those made necessary by unprocessed spent nuclear fuel. The global management of spent fuel could be made easier, safer and less onerous. A demonstration that radioactivity can be reduced, modified, or eliminated would also contribute to changing the public’s perception of industrial activities that require radioactive materials and produce radioactive wastes. It is conceivable that the equipment required to achieve low-energy transmutation would be affordable by any nuclear plant, and that the decontamination could be done on-site. Furthermore, if low-energy transmutation really performs efficiently, effectively and in an environmentally-friendly manner in large-scale operations, it could be used to process any type of radioactive industrial or medical radioactive waste, including that of military nuclear wastes.

We plan, over the next 2 years, to test and optimize on-site nuclear waste decontamination protocol development at laboratories of the National Research Council of Canada, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, the French Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA), the Japanese CRIEPI, the Irish RPII, and the Italian ENEA.

ADVANCED NUCLEAR WASTE DECONTAMINATION TECHNOLOGIES

by Mark Porringa
ZEROPOINT TECHTONIX Inc,
R R # 1,Deep River, Ontario K0J 1P0
(613) 584-2422 mporringa@netscape.ca

A synopsis of alternative, peer-reviewed techniques as candidates for the global
clean-up of nuclear waste.

The following is a reasonably comprehensive listing of potentially effective nuclear waste treatment methods that might be employed to neutralize the entire range of radioactive wastes that have proven to be such a daunting and horrendously expensive problem for the nuclear industry with major, long term implications for the environment and society in general.

A variety of methods will likely be required to accommodate the many different forms of radioactive waste including high and low level, solids, liquids and gases. Process names used here are in some cases just convenient labels used to categorize and set them apart from each other. Commonalities between them are frequently apparent, making clear distinctions a bit difficult and somewhat arbitrary. Near enough, there appears to over ten different methods with a shorter list of common denominators including such critical factors as Zero-point energy coherence and charge cluster formation.

Theories on many of these processes are still quite speculative and solid evidence that would pass rigorous peer review is still lacking in some cases. This is, after all a very new field of science attended by many anomalies that do not fit anywhere within the realms of Standard theory.

Some of these technologies have already reached advanced stages of development, verging on commercial application. In most cases, the various processes are protected by patents, with additional patents pending as new developments arise.

The Brown’s Gas-Metal Matrix Process:

The BG-MMX process utilizes a patented electrolysis cell of the Australian Prof. Yull Brown’s design that is said to produce a stoichiometric mixture of monatomic hydrogen and oxygen. More recent evidence would indicates that it is predominately a quasi-stable water molecule raised to a high-energy state with the hydrogen bonds greatly elongated producing a gaseous form of water (distinct from water vapour). This quasi-stable hydrogen oxide gas, or Aqua-gas has some very peculiar properties, including the ability to sublimate tungsten (6000oC) with an implosive flame that burns cool in air with a temperature of only 130oC. The implosive collapse of the asymmetric Aqua-gas molecule is believed to cohere the ZPE of quantum vacuum fluctuations via an atomic scale Casimir effect between the oxygen and hydrogen nuclei.

The gas is used to heat a proprietary mixture of metals and/or metal oxides including the radwaste to be neutralized. The resulting exothermic, plasma like reaction appears to produce an essentially immediate reduction of radioactivity approaching 95% of the original levels judging from preliminary tests. The process is conjectured to be effective with high level solid wastes and possibly gasses, but presumably not liquids. The high temperatures involved may also preclude the processing of more volatile wastes.

Since 1991, this technology has been successfully demonstrated, on a small scale, at least 50 times to US, Chinese, Japanese and United Kingdom officials on a variety of nuclear waste products including Americium, Cobalt, Uranium, and Plutonium. The technique can be applied for the immediate decontamination of stockpiles of nuclear waste materials being held near
nuclear power plants. The process is very simple, safe, and inexpensive to develop further into robotics application for on-site treatment with no foreseen environmental effects.

Photodeactivation:

The Photodeactivation process of the late Dr. Paul Brown is essentially conventional physics, albeit applied in a new and novel way. The process involves the use of a high-energy electron beam impinged on a tungsten target, which in turn produces a monochromatic gamma radiation that is tuned to induce Photofission and Photoneutron reactions in the target material causing rapid neutralization of radioactive isotopes. The efficiency claimed exceeds 500% due to the high cross-section reactions in the Giant Dipole Resonance region. The 10 MeV electron beam produces typical fission reactions in the 200MeV range effectively turning high level solid wastes such as spent fuel into an energy source. The process is apparently intended for on-site treatment with some waste-partitioning required, an aspect which may not be desireable in certain countries.

While this idea is similar in topology to a system being developed by Los Alamos National Labs, Dr. Paul Brown’s approach offers several advantages: no need for extensive chemical pre-processing and the energy required to effect transmutation is greatly reduced. No new technology needs to be developed, yet the engineering of such a photon reactor must be completed and it could itself become a practical method for generating power.

ZIPP Fusion and Fission:

The ZIPP fusion and fission process, identified by Mark Porringa, induces a wide variety of low energy induced fusion and cold fission reactions, resulting from the radial compression of individual atoms, diatomic elements and other simple molecules dissolved or suspended in a light water, carbon arc electrolysis cell. Numerous other cell configurations are also envisioned.

The process appears to produce only stable isotopes, which should therefore make it capable of stabilizing a wide variety of radioactive waste materials. The theory on the process draws from Condensed Charge phenomena, Brown’s Gas implosion, cavitation bubble collapse and sonoluminesence - all variations of the Casimir effect - which is believed to cohere the Zero-point energy of Quantum Vacuum Fluctuations. In effect the process constitutes a form of Passive Inertial Confinement Fusion resulting in the coherence of an absolute radiation pressure believed to exceed 1018 kPa during the final phase of fusion. Conversely, heavy unstable metals frequently experience cold fission reactions resulting in lighter elements without radiation with the excess neutrons apparently prompt converted to protons via quenched beta emissions.

A major implication of this process is that the Strong force of the nucleus is understood to be an ultra close range Casimir effect which literally holds the nucleus together from the outside by virtue of the continuous impelling radiation pressure of the quantum vacuum fluctuations according to the new Lattice Nested Hydreno atomic model. Oakridge Nuclear Labs in the US, in conjunction with several international collaborators, have just recently announced a deuterium cold fusion process based on the essential elements of the ZIPP Fusion process first reported in 1998. The process is very simple and inexpensive to develop. Transmutations using variations of this basic process may be applicable to a wide variety of nuclear wastes and appears capable of operating with an efficiency exceeding 100%.

RIPPLE Fission:

The RIPPLE Fission process proposed by Mark Porringa is an adaptation of an existing fuel processing technology utilizing a supersonic, ionized gas-to-aerosol, counter flow heat exchanger, that envelopes the radioactive waste aerosol in a vacuum induced, pulsed plasma vortex, which appears to disrupt the matter stabilizing influence of the Quantum Vacuum Fluctuations, resulting in “gentle” low recoil fission reactions which produce only stable fission products, with excess neutrons again being prompt converted to protons via quenched Beta emissions.

The process is apparently proven with conventional non-radioactive wastes and is believed applicable to the entire spectrum of radwaste without the need for waste partitioning. It would likely be most effective against heavy metals such as Americium and Plutonium. This process is also operates with a readily apparent over-unity efficiency.

In a companion process, referred to tentatively as Plasma Arc Implosion, an electrical arc is used to produce implosive ball lightning, that is injected with an aerosol of radwaste causing a variety of nuclear stabilization reactions in a manner similar to that proposed for both ZIPP and RIPPLE Fission.

The LENTEC Processes:

The Low Energy Nuclear Transmutation Electrolytic Cells of the Cincinnati Group produce a variety of transmutation reactions using exotic electrolysis cell designs that generally produce condensed charge clusters composed primarily of up to 1011 electrons each. Electron charge clusters can accelerate lighter positive ions to very high energies at relatively low voltage potentials, which then penetrate the nuclei of larger atoms in solution and on the electrodes transmuting such atoms into stable elements.

The range of design and operating protocols and potential applications are potentially numerous provided the waste can be efficiently dispersed in the electrolyte or deposited on the electrodes. The reported transmutation of thorium to stable titanium and copper by the Cincinnati Group and by another team based in Salt Lake City is one of the most dramatic examples of this type of treatment process. Application to other high-level transuranic fissionable wastes such as surplus Plutonium seems likely. The glaring absence of normal fission yield energies is perplexing within existing atomic theory, but quite explicable according to the Lattice Nested Hydreno model, as yet another form of low recoil fission reaction.

The PIT Processes:

Plasma Induced/Injected Transmutation is in many respects similar to the LENTEC. PIT processes include the cold plasma transmutations first reported by Oshawa-Kushi dating back to 1964 and more recent work involving High-density Charge Clusters (HDCC). A patented process for producing HDCC was first discovered by Kenneth Shoulders and extensively studied by Harold E. Puthoff. The late Stan Gleeson also discovered charge cluster production in proprietary solutions exposed to electrical discharge. More recently, Alexander Ilyanok of Belarus and Vasiliy Baraboskin in Russia also made independent discoveries of HDCC phenomena. Charge clusters also apparently occur widely in nature in various electrical discharge phenomena, including for instance lightning.

The production of charge clusters and various plasma glow discharge phenomena in a variety of gaseous atmospheres is again implicated in connection with the coherence of Zero-point energy from the energetic vacuum. Desk-top high energy particle accelerators have also been envisioned, based on the “piggy back” principle, in which the charge clusters permit acceleration of bound heavier +ions to extremely high energies, capable of causing fusion and transmutations in target materials including those in solution and the materials of which the electrodes are composed. Brown’s Gas implosion and cavitation bubble collapse reactions may also occur in these types of cells due to the nucleate bubbles formed during electrolysis.

A high-density charge cluster technology was developed and used by Stan Gleeson to stabilize radioactive liquid wastes and has been developed further in the last 4 years by a group led by S. Jin and Hal Fox. Best results for radioactive liquids have been demonstrated in the processing of thorium for a 30-minute period and achieving a reduction of radioactivity of about 90% from a liquid sample.

Bio-Nuclear Remediation:

Compelling evidence compiled by French Nobel Candidate Dr. Louis Kervran has identified a wide range of nuclear transmutations in biological systems that have not been adequately explained. Coherence of Zero-point energy via Casimir effects within microscopic contractile vacuoles of the Somatid particles identified by the Canadian Gaston Naessens is implicated as a possible cause. Bio-nuclear reactions may also be facilitated by the collapse of quasi-stable Aqua-gas within the cytoplasm of individual cells in the presence of the extreme voltage gradients common to living organisms which could presumable raise the water molecule to the high energy state of aqua-gas.

A wide variety of in vitro and in vivo reactions are believed to be possible as proven in nature and numerous experiments typically involving a reaction medium composed of a dielectric fluid such as water. Highly radiation resistant microorganisms have been found thriving in the core of nuclear reactors indicating the possibility of microorganisms being capable of transmuting some bioactive nuclear wastes in the course of normal metabolism.

The Monti Process:

The Italian Roberto A. Monti’s process involves confined explosions involving proprietary mixtures of materials that include radioactive waste. Ignition of such mixtures causes nuclear transmutations and accelerated decay resulting in radioactivity reductions approaching background levels gradually over 1 to 4 days. Theory on the process draws on the Alpha Extended model of the atom, first proposed by William Harkin, a contemporary of Bohr, and more recently embellished by Monti.

This technique has been confirmed by the Italian ENEA and is supported by the French CEA scientists as a serious candidate for treatment of waste stockpiles. The system, as currently designed, requires the waste to be inserted into a chamber that also provides scrubbing of the off gases. Another Chemo-nuclear method referred to as the Keller Catalytic process is similar in many respects to the Monti process with the addition of a proprietary nuclear reaction catalyst that apparently promotes nuclear reactions at relatively low firing temperatures.

Higher Group Symmetry Electrodynamics:

Extremely weak, non-classical, higher group symmetry electromagnetic fields were found during a 1991 experiment made by Glen Rein to alter significantly the level of radioactivity in materials, even those in the environment. The experiments suggest that higher group symmetry electrodynamics modulate the quantitative and/or qualitative properties of radioactive species. If the non-classical fields directly affect the radioactive species, it is likely that the appropriate field parameters will be discovered to neutralize radioactive emissions. In 1999, a theoretical basis for the phenomenon was developed by the Welsh physicist, M. W. Evans, with the participation of Lt. Col. (retired) Thomas E. Bearden.

The technology is extremely simple and could be applied with minimum logistics for treating massive structures, in-toto outdoors, such as the Chernobyl disaster site. This avenue of treatment would also include the prospect of using Scalar Interferometry to sweep the targeted radwaste with Nuclear resonance frequencies specifically tuned to induce cold fission reactions and accelerated decay.

Reprinted with Permission – Updated June 15, 2005

Links to Related Articles

Advanced Transmutation Processes and their Application for the Decontamination of Radioactive Nuclear Wastes - http://pacenet.homestead.com/Transmutation.html

Transmutations of radioactive isotopes? - http://blake.montclair.edu/~kowalskil/cf/186radwaste.html

Proceedings of the 3rd ISNE - www.padrak.com/ine/ISNE_96_TOC.html


For more information on the above initiatives and on the Planetary Association for Clean Energy, Inc. please go to
www.foundation-for-gaia.org/pace/

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